CODEX ALIMENTARIUS: Main Outcome of the 47th session (CAC47)

Key Takeaways:

• CAC47 approved new and revised food standards for various commodities, impacting global trade.
• Significant discussions were held on olive oil authenticity and saffron labelling.
• A comprehensive revision of allergen labelling requirements was adopted for the first time since 1985.
• The safety of aspartame and titanium dioxide was reaffirmed by JECFA despite concerns.
• CAC47 adopted a new strategic plan for 2026-2031, outlining future goals.

Global Food Standards Evolve at CAC47

The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) convened its 47th session (CAC47) in Geneva, Switzerland, from November 25th to December 1st, 2024. Delegates from around the world gathered to review and approve new international food standards, guidelines, and codes of practice, reinforcing the commission’s commitment to protecting consumer health and ensuring fair practices in food trade.

Approving New Standards

CAC47 approved new and revised commodity standards for a variety of products, including dried small cardamom, allspice, juniper, star anise, dried turmeric, avocado oil, and olive oil. Notably, it adopted the first comprehensive revision since 1985 of allergen labelling requirements for pre-packaged foods, enhancing protections for consumers with food allergies.

Debates on Olive Oil and Saffron

Intense discussions centered on the technical parameters for olive oil authenticity and the mandatory declaration of “country of harvest” for dried saffron. The commission adopted a revised standard for olive oils and olive pomace oils, amending sections on desmethylsterols composition to ensure authenticity. While the standard for dried saffron was approved, the section on “Country of Origin and Country of Harvest” remains under development, reflecting ongoing debates on labelling practices.

Reaffirming Food Additive Safety

Amid concerns raised about the safety of aspartame (INS 951) and titanium dioxide (INS 171), the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) reaffirmed their acceptable daily intake levels. Aspartame was deemed safe at up to 40 mg per kg body weight per day, while titanium dioxide’s intended uses were considered to pose no appreciable health concerns. These reaffirmations underscore the commission’s reliance on scientific assessments in its risk management processes.

Adoption of the 2026-2031 Strategic Plan

CAC47 adopted a new strategic plan outlining its vision and mission for the period 2026-2031. The plan emphasizes inclusiveness, collaboration, consensus building, and transparency as core values guiding the commission’s work. It aims to enhance the development of science-based food safety and quality standards to protect consumers globally and promote fair trade practices.

Elections and Appointments

The session saw the election of Dr. Allen Azegele of Kenya as the new CAC Chairperson, succeeding Dr. Steve Wearne of the United Kingdom. New Vice-chairs were also elected: Khalid Al Zhrani of Saudi Arabia and Jing Tian of China secured their positions in the first polling roll call, while Betul Vazgecer of Türkiye won after additional rounds. Australia was elected as the next South West Pacific country representative, replacing Vanuatu.

Future Work and Proposals

CAC47 agreed on several new work proposals, including developing standards for whole millet grains, sweet marjoram, coriander seeds, large cardamom, and cinnamon. The commission also initiated work on guidelines for food hygiene related to viruses, control of pathogens in chicken meat, and prevention of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts. These efforts reflect an ongoing commitment to address emerging food safety challenges.

Impact on Global Food Safety and Trade

The decisions made at CAC47 have far-reaching implications for international food safety and trade. By updating standards and addressing key issues such as labelling and additive safety, the commission continues to play a pivotal role in shaping policies that protect consumers and facilitate fair trade practices worldwide.

Looking Ahead

With the adoption of its new strategic plan, the Codex Alimentarius Commission is poised to navigate the evolving global landscape of food safety. As it implements the newly approved standards and guidelines, the commission will continue to engage with member countries and stakeholders to promote health and trust in the global food supply.